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9enero - abril 2025 Frontera Biotecnol%u00f3gica | N%u00b0 30ISSN: 2448-8461Las enfermedades cr%u00f3nico-degenerativas son padecimientos que deterioran la salud de las personas de forma progresiva. Algunas de las m%u00e1s comunes en M%u00e9xico son diabetes, c%u00e1ncer, osteoartritis, cardiocerebrovasculares y Alzheimer.En los %u00faltimos a%u00f1os los aceites esenciales han cobrado relevancia en la industria qu%u00edmica y farmac%u00e9utica, ya que han presentado propiedades analg%u00e9sicas, antidiab%u00e9ticas, antiinflamatorias, antitumorales, antioxidantes y neuroprotectores. Los aceites esenciales de hoja de canela (Cinnamomum zeylanicum) y del fruto seco de pimienta negra (Piper nigrum) mostraron actividad antidiab%u00e9tica al inhibir la enzima %u03b1-amilasa (CI50 = 1.8 y 1.2 mg/mL, respectivamente) con valores similares al f%u00e1rmaco acarbosa (CI50 = 1.55 mg/mL). Adem%u00e1s, el aceite esencial de C. zeylanicum present%u00f3 potencial neuroprotector inhibiendo la enzima acetilcolinesterasa (CI50 = 0.57 mg/mL) con respecto al f%u00e1rmaco tacrina (CI50 = 0.011 mg/mL). Esto sugiere que representan una alternativa para el tratamiento de enfermedades degenerativas mediante la inhibici%u00f3n de blancos terap%u00e9uticos.Palabras clave: Diabetes mellitus, enfermedad de Alzheimer, %u03b1-amilasa, acetilcolinesterasa, aceites esenciales.Chronic-degenerative diseases are ailments that progressively deteriorate people's health. Some of the most common in Mexico are diabetes, cancer, osteoarthritis, cerebrovascular disease and Alzheimer's.In recent years, essential oils have gained relevance in the chemical and pharmaceutical industry, as they have shown analgesic, antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, antitumor, antioxidant and neuroprotective properties. The essential oils of cinnamon leaf (Cinnamomum zeylanicum) and black pepper fruit (Piper nigrum) showed antidiabetic activity by inhibiting the enzyme %u03b1-amylase (IC50 = 1.8 and 1.2 mg/mL, respectively) with similar values to the drug acarbose (IC50 = 1.55 mg/mL). Furthermore, C. zeylanicum essential oil showed neuroprotective potential by inhibiting the enzyme acetylcholinesterase (IC50 = 0.57 mg/mL) with respect to the drug tacrine (IC50 = 0.011 mg/mL). This suggests that these EOs represent an alternative for the treatment of degenerative diseases by inhibiting therapeutic targets.Keywords: Diabetes mellitus, Alzheimer diseases, %u03b1-amylase, acetylcholinesterase, essential oils.ABSTRACTRESUMENISSN: 2448-8461